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 u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills

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Missanthropy
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Missanthropy


Female Number of posts : 618
Age : 50
Location : The Sunshine State
Registration date : 2008-04-22

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PostSubject: u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills   u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills I_icon_minitimeThu May 05, 2011 8:07 pm

u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills


For this discussion, analyze the
various theories or concepts regarding infant cognitive and sensory and
perceptual development and the research that supports these theories
(two or more if theories only, and three or more if concepts only).
Based on your studies and research, which theories in the area of brain
development, cognition, and sensory or perceptual skills do you feel
are most credible or applicable to real life?
In your answer, include the following:

  • Either: Refer to and integrate ideas presented in
    the text and supplemental information. Cite the textbook at least twice
    within your discussion.
  • Or: Cite at least one scholarly resource from the
    Capella library to support your discussion. Do not use Internet Web
    sites such as Wikipedia.
Follow APA style rules for citing references.
You will be evaluated on how well you can demonstrate that you
understand the ideas presented throughout the unit, including assigned
readings, discussions, media and independent research. You will also be
evaluated on the quality of your work—its academic rigor, how well it
shows your ability to think critically, and how completely it covers
the discussion topic. Refer to the Discussion Participation Scoring
Guide in the Resources below to learn how your discussions will be
evaluated.
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Missanthropy
Admin
Missanthropy


Female Number of posts : 618
Age : 50
Location : The Sunshine State
Registration date : 2008-04-22

u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills Empty
PostSubject: Re: u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills   u04d2 Cognitive Development and Sensory Perceptual Skills I_icon_minitimeSun May 08, 2011 1:54 pm

Hello Class,

Based on your studies and research, which theories in the area of brain development, cognition, and sensory or perceptual skills do you feel are most credible or applicable to real life?

Brain Development - An infants brain develops rapidly during the first two years of life. The brains structure is composed of two types of cells, glial and neurons. The brain goes through synaptogenesis which is the process of synapse development. These synaptic growth spurts can generate more connections between neurons then necessary. Thus, each burst of synaptogenesis is followed by a period of pruning in which unnecessary pathways and connections are eliminated (Huttenlocher, 1994). This causes the unused connections to die off. These cycles continue through life making the brain more efficient. Another process called myelinization; a process in neuronal development in which sheaths made of a substance called myelin gradually cover individual axons and electrically insulate them from one another to improve the conductivity of the nerve (Boyd & Bee, 2009). This process helps a baby control their head movement before their ability to roll over. While myelinization occurs quickly during the first 2 years of life some structures take longer to myelinize as a child's brain develops.

Sensory Skills :

Vision - Infants at birth have a visual acuity range of about 20/200 to 20/400 but as a result of synaptogenesis, pruning and myelination it can improve greatly during their first year of life. Infants can even sense color during their first weeks of life. They also go through a process of learned tracking, following moving objects with their eyes. Infants ability to track objects become more efficient over time and development.

Hearing - An infants audio acuity is better than their vision acuity. Researchers believe that newborns can hear nearly as well as adults do. Infants can generalize the location a sound may be coming from by turning their heads in that direction but finer tuned sound locating develops later, after about 2 months of age.

Cognitive Development
:

Piaget's view on the Sensorimotor stages seem to make perfect sense of how a newborn goes through these phases in developing an understanding of the world around them.

Substage 1 - ( 0-1 Month) Reflexes
Substage 2 - ( 1-4 Month) Primary Circular Reactions
Substage 3 - ( 4-8 Months) Secondary Circular Reactions
Substage 4 - ( 8-12 Month) Coordination of secondary schemes
Substage 5 - ( 12-18 Months) Tertiary Circular Reactions
Substage 6 - ( 18-24 Months) Beginning of Mental Representation.

Each stage of development has set a clear basic guideline of what any parent or caregiver can expect a growing infant to experience during their first 2 years of life.

Another cognitive developmental theory I also find applicable to real life is the Conditioning and Modeling. I think that newborns experience both classical conditioning and operant conditioning during the first few years of their lives as well as modeling in helping develop their cognitive skills early in life.


~ Nessa

Reference:

Boyd, D., & Bee, H. (2009). Lifespan development (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
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